四级阅读真题2019年12月(2019年12月四级阅读理解原文)

距离2019年12月英语四级考试越来越近，四级阅读是考试中的重中之重，阅读文章是由词汇与长句组合而成，所以我们主要理解文章中所表达的意思，语境是关键。今天四六级为大家分享2019年12月大学英语四级阅读模拟题仔细阅读2，希望对您有所帮助。

英语四级阅读模拟题仔细阅读2

Questions 51 to 55 are based on the followingpassage.

Female applicants to postdoctoral positions ingeosciences were nearly half as likely to receiveexcellent letters of recommendation, comparedwith their male counterparts. Christopher Intagliata reports.

As in many other fields, gender bias is widespread in the sciences. Men score higher startingsalaries, have more mentoring (指导), and have better odds of being hired. Studies showthey're also perceived as more competent than women in STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics.fields. And new research reveals that men are more likely toreceive excellent letters of recommendation, too.

"Say, you know, this is the best student I've ever had," says Kuheli Dutt, a social scientist anddiversity officer at Columbia University's Lamont campus. "Compare those excellent letterswith a merely good letter: 'The candidate was productive, or intelligent, or a solid scientistor something that's clearly solid praise,' but nothing that singles out the candidate asexceptional or one of a kind."

Dutt and her colleagues studied more than 1,200 letters of recommendation for postdoctoralpositions in geoscience. They were all edited for gender and other identifying information, soDutt and her team could assign them a score without knowing the gender of the student. Theyfound that female applicants were only half as likely to get outstanding letters, compared withtheir male counterparts. That includes letters of recommendation from all over the world, andwritten by, yes, men and women. The findings are in the journal Nature Geoscience.

Dutt says they were not able to evaluate the actual scientific qualifications of the applicantsusing the data in the files. But she says the results still suggest women in geoscience are at apotential disadvantage from the very beginning of their careers starting with those less thanoutstanding letters of recommendation.

"We're not trying to assign blame or criticize anyone or call anyone conscious sexist. Rather, the point is to use the results of this study to open up meaningful dialogues on implicit genderbias, be it at a departmental level or an institutional level or even a discipline level." Whichmay lead to some recommendations for the letter writers themselves.

51.What do we learn about applicants to postdoctoral positions in geosciences?

A.There are many more men applying than women.

B.Chances for women to get the positions are scare.

C.More males than females are likely to get outstanding letters of recommendation.

D.Male applicants have more interest in these positions than their female counterparts.

52.What do studies about men and women in scientific research show?

A.Women engaged in postdoctoral work are quickly catching up.

B.Fewer women are applying for postdoctoral positions due to gender bias.

C.Men are believed to be better able to excel in STEM disciplines.

D.Women who are keenly interested in STEM fields are often exceptional.

53.What do the studies find about the recommendation letters for women applicants?

A.They are hardly ever supported by concrete examples.

B.They contain nothing that distinguishes the applicants.

C.They provide objective information without exaggeration.

D.They are often filled with praise for exceptional applicants.

54.What did Dutt and her colleagues do with the more than 1,200 letters of recommendation?

A.They asked unbiased scholars to evaluate them.

B.They invited women professionals to edit them.

C.They assigned them randomly to reviewers.

D.They deleted all information about gender.

55.What does Dutt aim to do with her study?

A.Raise recommendation writers' awareness of gender bias in their letters.

B.Open up fresh avenues for women post-doctors to join in research work.

C.Alert women researchers to all types of gender bias in the STEM disciplines.

D.Start a public discussion on how to raise women's status in academic circles.

四级阅读理解参考答案：

51.C

52.C

53.B

54.D

55.A

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