六级词汇组成的文章(六大构词法英文)

一、大纲要求

领会式掌握5500单词(其中复用式掌握的单词为3000)，以及由这些词构成的常用词组(中学所掌握的单词和词组包括在内)，并具有按照构词法识别生词的能力。

二、构词法来源：

1. Prefixes

1).dis- (not, the opposite of)disadvantage, dislike, disagree, disappear, disarm, disaster, disastrous *, disappoint, disable *, disability, discharge, disclose *, discount, discourage, discover, discovery, discrepancy *, disease, disguise, disgust, dishonest, dismay *, disorder, dispatch *, disperse *, displace *, disregard *, distort *, distract *

2).in- (not, in, into)inability, incorrect, inability, incapable, inhuman, injustice, informal, inside, include, inclusive *, income, increase, increasingly, incredible, indefinite, independence, independent, indifferent, indirect, indispensable, individual, indoor, inertia *, inevitable, infamous ^, infinite, inhabit *, inhabitant, inherent *, inject *, injection, inland *, inlet *, inner, innocent, innumerable *, input, inquire, inquiry, insane *, insert, inside, insight, insist, inspect, inspiration *, inspire, install, installation, installment *, instance, instant, instinct, insulate *, intense, interior, internal, into, intrinsic, invade, invalid *, invaluable *, invariably *, invasion, invert *, investigate, invisible, involve, inward

3). im- (not, in, into)impossible, imbalance, immature, immoral, impatient, implicit *, impress, impression, import, immigrate, imprison, immerse

4).il-(not)illegal, illogical

5).ir- (not)irregular, irresponsible, irrespective *

6).un- (not)unable, uncover, undo, undoubtedly, undress ^, uneasy, unemployment *, unexpected, unfold *, unfortunately, unimportant, unlike, unload, unusual

7).non- (not)nonsmoker, nonexistence, non-cooperation, nonstop, nonmetal, nonresident, nonsense

8).mis- (wrong, wrongly)misjudge, misunderstand, mislead, misspell, misstep, misfortune, misuse

9).de- (showing the opposite, to remove, to reduce)deform, deface, demobilize, destruction, deforest, denationalize, depress, depression, devalue, decode ^, decrease, degenerate *, degrade *, descend, descendant *, descent *, devalue

10). pre- (before, in advance)prefix ^, pre-historic, precaution, precede *, preceding, preclude *, predecessor *, predict, predominant *, preface, prejudice, preliminary, premature *, premier *, premise *, premium *, preparation, prepare, prepay, preside *, president, presumably, presume *, pretext *, prevail, prevent, previous, prewar来源：

11).ante-, (before, in advance)anteroom, ante-Christian, antemeridian, anticipate, antique

12).fore- (in advance, before, in or at the front)forehead, foreman ^, foretell ^, foresee *,

forefather ^, foreleg, forerunner *, fore ^, foremost, forecast, forewarn

13).ex- (former) ex-minister, ex-president, ex-Soviet Union, ex-wife, export, exclude, exclusive, excursion, exhibit, exile *, exit, exotic *, expand, expansion, expedition *, expel *, expend *, expenditure *, expense, explode, explosion, explosive, expose, exposition *, exposure, express, expression, extend, extension, extensive, exterior, external, extinct, *, extra, extract *

14).post- (later than, after)postgraduate, post-war, postmeridian ^, postpone, postscript ^

15). sub- (under, below, less important)sub, subject, subway, subtitle, submarine *, sub-zero, submerge, submit, subordinate *, subscribe *, subsection, subsequent, subsidiary *, subsidy *, substance, substantial, substitute, subtract, suburb

16). infra- (under) infrastructure ^, infrared ^

17). re- (again, back to a former state)react, reaction, recall, recede *, receipt, recipient *, reclaim *, recognize, recognition, record, recorder, recover, recovery, recreation, recur *, recycle *, redundant *, reflect, reflection, reflexion, reform, refrain *, refresh, refreshment *, refund *, refute *, reinforce, reject, remember, remind, removal, remove, renaissance *, renew, repay *, repeat, repeatedly, repel *, repetition, replace, replacement, reply, report, reporter, represent, representative, repression *, reproduce, respect, respond, response, responsibility, responsible, restore, resume, return, reunion *, reuse, review, revise, revive*

18). co-, col-, com-, con-, cor-(with together)co-existence, cooperate, cooperative *, co-author, coalition *, coherent *, coincide *, coincidence *, collaboration *, colleague, collide *, collision, compassion, concentric, conjoin, coordinate, correlation

19). inter- (between, among)international, interchangeable, interdependent, interpersonal, interview, interact *, interaction, intercourse *, interface ^, interfere, interference, Internet, interrupt, interval, intervene *

20). macro- (large) macroeconomics ^, macrocosm ^, macrostructure

21). micro- (extremely small)microcomputer, microeconomics ^, microscope, microphone, microsurgery

22). super- (greater or more than) super, supermarket, supersonic *, superman, superpower, supernatural, supervise *, superb, superficial, superintendent *, superior, superiority *, supreme

23). sur- (more than, beyond)surplus, surtax, surface, surpass *, surround, survival, survive, suspect

24). ultra- (beyond, very, too)ultramodern, ultrasound, ultra-violet *

25). auto- (of or by oneself) auto, autocriticism, autoland, automobile, automation *, automatic, autobiography ^, autonomous *, autonomy *

26) .mal- (bad, badly)malfunction, maltreat ^, malnutrition ^, malpractice ^

27). tele- (at or over a long distance, by or for television)telegram, television, telegraph, telephone, telecommunications *, telescope, telescreen, teleswitch, televise ^

28).semi-, hemi- (half)semicircle ^, semiconductor, semi-colony ^, hemisphere *

29). uni-, mono- (one)uniform, unify *, union, unique, unit, unite, unity, universe, universal, university, monologue ^, monopoly *, monotonous *, carbon monoxide

30).bi-, di- (two) biweekly, bicycle, bilateral ^, billion, dialogue, carbon dioxide

31).tri- (three) tricycle ^, triangle, trilogy ^, triple

32). quadri-, quadru- ^ (four)quadruple ^, quadrangle ^

33). penta- ^ (five)pentagon, Pentagon, Pentium

34).hexa- ^ (six) hexagon, hexangular

35) .sept- ^ (seven) September, Sept-Wolves

36). octa- ^(eight) octagon, octave, octopus, October

37). nona- ^(nine)nonagon, November

38). deci-, deca- (ten)decade, decimal *来源：

39). centi- (hundredth part) centigrade, centimeter, centipede ^, century

40). kilo- (thousand)kilo, kilometer, kilogram(me), kilowatt ^

41). mill- (thousand)millennium ^, millimeter

42).multi- (many)multi-purpose, multinational, multiple, multiply, multitude

43).counter-, anti-, contra- (opposite, against)counterattack, counterclockwise, counterrevolutionary, antibiotic, antimatter, antiwar, contradict *, contradiction, contramissile, contranatural, contrary, contrast

44).mini- (smallest, short)minibus, miniskirt, minimum, minister, minimize, ministry, minor, minority, minute

45). max- (greatest)maximum, maximal ^, maximize ^

46). out- (outside, beyond)outdo, outwit, outlive, outnumber, outdoor, outstanding, outskirts ^, outward, outcome, outer, outing *, outline, outlook, output, outrage *, outside

47). over- (too much, above, additional) overwork, overuse, overtake, overpass *, overthrow *, overturn *, overall, overdue ^, overhead, overhear *, overlook, overseas

48). trans- (across, on or to the other side of)transaction *, transatlantic, transcend *, transfer, transform, transistor *, transit *, transition *, translate, translation, transmission, transmit, transmitter ^, transparent, transplant, transport, transportation

49). under- (too little, below)underdevelopment, underestimate, undergraduate, underground, underlie ^, underline, undersea, underlying *, undermine *, underneath, underwear^

50). neo- (new)neo-Nazism ^, neolithic ^

51). be- (cause to be or have)befriend, belittle

52). bio- (life)biology, biography *, autobiography, antibiotic

53). en- em- (cause to become, put into the stated condition)embody, empower, endanger, enlarge, enrich

54). extra- (outside, beyond)extracurricular, extraordinary

55).mid- (middle)midday, midnight

56).poly- (many)polycentric, polydirectional

57). pseudo- (not real, false)pseudomemory, pseudoscience

58). thermo- (heat)thermochemistry, thermometer

59). vice- (next in rank below)vice-chairman, vice-president

2. Suffixes

Nouns

1).ant, -entapplicant, component, servant, student

2). er, -or, -aremployer, interviewer, trainer, painter, New Yorker, Northerner, lighter, cooker, conductor, beggar

3).eeabsentee, abandonee, employee, interviewee, trainee

4). eerengineer, pioneer

5).an, -ian, -arian historian, humanitarian, librarian, musician, Canadian

6). eseChinese, Japanese

7). istartist, Marxist, capitalist

8). ism socialism, capitalism, mechanism来源：

9). -ability, -ibilityability, flexibility

10). age postage, shrinkage

11). alarrival, refusal

12). ance, -enceappearance, reference

13). ancy, -encyemergency, expectancy

14). cyaccuracy, bankruptcy

15). domfreedom, kingdom, wisdom

16). erybravery, cookery

17). essactress, lioness

18). ettecigarette, novelette, cassette

19). ful handful, spoonful

20). hood childhood, brotherhood, neighborhood

21). ics economics, electronics, mechanics, physics, mathematics, politics

22). ion(-sion, -ssion -ition, -ation)decision, discussion, inflation, translation, action, correction

23). ity, -tyreality, curiosity, purity, security, certainty, cruelty, difficulty, loyalty, poverty, safety

24). mentmovement, agreement, harassment

25). nesscarelessness, greatness, friendliness, weakness, tiredness

26). ologyfuturology, geology, biology, musicology, psychology, anthropology ^

27). ship hardship, friendship, sportsmanship

28). thbirth, death, breadth, strength, truth

29). -ureclosure, exposure

Adjectives

30).able, -ibleacceptable, admissible, avoidable, eatable, countable, notable *, suitable, variable

31). al educational, additional, normal, natural, essential

32).an, -arian, -ian suburban, disciplinarian, Canadian

33). ant, -entdifferent, resultant

34). ary, -oryadvisory, customary

35). ate considerate, fortunate

36). engolden, wooden, woolen

37). ernnorthern, southern

38). eseChinese, Japanese

39). freecarefree, troublefree

40). ful careful, painful

41).ic, -icalatomic, biological, economic, economical, historic, historical, scientific, medical, mechanic, mechanical

42). ishselfish, childish, womanish, greenish, reddish, yellowish, Swedish, Danish

43). ivecreative, decisive, supportive

44). lessuseless, fruitless, boundless, groundless, hopeless, jobless

45). likechildlike, ladylike

46). ly manly, monthly

47). ous, ious, -uous, -eousvarious, continuous, courageous

48).proof airproof, bulletproof, fireproof, waterproof

49). some tiresome ^, lonesome, quarrelsome, troublesome, worrisome ^

50). ward downward, homeward

51). hairy, noisy

Verbs

52). endeepen, fasten, lengthen, strengthen, harden

53). ifybeautify, classify, electrify, horrify, modify, simplify

54). ize, -yze, -ise, -yse analyze, modernize, industrialize, popularize, specialisation ^, professionalisation ^

Adverbs

55).lyclearly, easily, quickly

56).ward, -wards inward, outward, upward, downward, homeward, northwards

57). -wise clockwise, otherwise

3. Stems

1). aero (air) aerial *, aeroplane, aeronautics ^

2). agri (land)agriculture, agronomy ^

3). ann (year) anniversary, annual, semiannual, centennial

4). astro, aster (star) astrology ^, astronomy *, astronaut ^, disaster, asteroid来源：

5). audi (to hear)audience, auditorium ^, audit ^, auditor ^, auditory ^ audio-visual

6). bell (war)rebel, rebellion, rebellious, belligerent

7) .ced (to go) precede, precedent, unprecedented, exceed, proceed, succeed

8). cid, cis (to cut, to kill)decide, decision, decisive *, concise, suicide, homicide, pesticide

9). claim (to cry, to shout) exclaim, proclaim, acclaim, clamor

10). clar (clear) declare, clarify, clarity *

11). cord (heart)cordial, concord, discord ^, accord

12). cred (to believe, to trust) credible, incredible, credulous, credit, credential

13). dent (tooth) dental, dentist *

14). dict (to say)contradict, dictate, dictator, predict, indicate, indicative

15). fact (to do, to make) factory, manufacture, benefactor, malefactor

16). flu (to flow) fluent, influence, influenza (flue), fluid

17). geo (earth) geography, geometry, geology *, geopolitics ^

18). gram, graph (to draw, to write)diagram, telegram, program, photograph, geography, telegraph

19). insul (island)insulate, insulator ^, insular, peninsula

20). ject (to throw)project, inject, reject, subject, eject

21). liber (free) liberate, liberty (at liberty), liberal, liberalism ^

22). liter (letter) literate ^, literacy, illiterate, illiteracy, literature, literary, literal *, literally*

23). log (to speak)dialogue, apology, prologue, monologue, logic

24). manu (hand)manuscript *, manufacture, manufacturer, manual, manage, management, manager

25). medi (middle) immediate, medium, media, mediate, medieval, median

26). mort (death)mortal, immortal, mortality

27). nov (new)novel, novelty, novice, innovate

28). ori (to rise) orient, oriental, Oriental, orientation, origin, original, originate, disorient

29). pend (to hand, money)depend, dependent, dependency, dependable, independent, suspend, expend, spend, expenditure, expense, expensive, pension

30). port (to carry) portable, import, export, deport, porter, support

31). pur (pure)purify *, purity *, Puritan ^

32). rect (correct, straight)correct, rectify *, erect

33). rupt (to break) interrupt, disrupt, bankrupt, bankruptcy, corrupt

34). sal (salt)salary, salad

35). sist (to stand)resist, resistance, resistible, consist, assist, exist, insist, persist

36). spect (to look)spectacle, spectacular, prospect, retrospect, inspect, respect, suspect, circumspect ^, spectator *, conspicuous *, perspective

37). spir (breath)inspire, inspiration, spirit来源：

38). tract (to draw) tractor, attract, protract, contract, abstract, extract, distract

39). urb (city)urban, suburb, suburban

40).vac (empty)vacant, vacation, vacuum

41). vit (life)vital, vitality, vitamin, vitalize

42). vis (to see) visible, vision, visual, visit, visitor, advice, supervise, television

43). viv (to live) survive, survival, survivor, revival, vivid, vivacity来源：

(注:标* 的为六级词汇，标^的为高级词汇)

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